Which condition may result from atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. One of the severe consequences of atherosclerosis is stroke. When the arteries supplying blood to the brain become narrowed or blocked due to plaque accumulation, it can restrict blood flow. If a blood clot forms and obstructs an artery leading to the brain, or if a piece of plaque dislodges and causes a blockage, the brain may not receive sufficient oxygen and nutrients. This lack of blood flow can result in a stroke, which can lead to significant neurological damage or even death.

The other options, while they may be related to or influenced by lifestyle factors associated with atherosclerosis, do not directly result from this condition. Heart arrhythmia can occur due to a variety of cardiac issues, but it is not a direct result of atherosclerosis alone. Diabetes and obesity are more often associated with metabolic conditions and lifestyle choices rather than the direct structural changes caused by atherosclerosis itself. Therefore, stroke is the most direct and well-established consequence of atherosclerosis.