Which nervous system consists of the nerves that are not under conscious control?

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for controlling bodily functions that are not typically under conscious control. This includes regulating heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, and certain reflex actions. It operates largely unconsciously and is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body.

This system is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations, often referred to as the "fight or flight" response, while the parasympathetic nervous system is referred to as the "rest and digest" system, promoting relaxation and conservation of energy.

In contrast, the somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and sensations, involving muscles that are consciously controlled. The cognitive nervous system is not a recognized entity in the context of neuroanatomy. Therefore, the autonomic nervous system is the correct answer as it encompasses the nerves and functions that operate independently of conscious thought.