Which substances are considered gateway drugs?

Gateway drugs are substances that are thought to lead users to experiment with more dangerous or addictive drugs. They often start with more socially acceptable and legal options, which can create a pathway to the use of illicit substances.

In this context, alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana are considered gateway drugs because they are commonly used in society and often serve as the initial experiences for individuals, especially adolescents, in substance use. Their availability and social acceptance can lower the perceived risks associated with drug use. This initial engagement with these substances is believed to increase the likelihood of trying more serious drugs later on.

Cocaine and heroin, while addictive and harmful, are typically not classified as gateway drugs because they are often sought after for their immediate effects of euphoria and high potential for addiction, rather than being introductory substances that lead to their use. Prescription drugs can be misused, but they do not fall under the category of gateway drugs in the same way, as the initial use is often for legitimate medical purposes. Opiates also represent a more advanced stage of substance use and addiction, making them less relevant in the context of gateway drugs.