Which term describes application of force without movement?

The term that describes the application of force without movement is isometric. In isometric exercises, the muscle exerts force without changing its length, meaning that there is no joint movement occurring as the muscle works. This type of contraction is often used to build strength and maintain muscle stability, as the muscle contracts and holds a position against a resistance.

In contrast, isotonic contractions involve movement, where the muscle shortens or lengthens while exerting force, such as during typical weightlifting exercises. Isokinetic contractions occur at a constant speed throughout the range of motion, often requiring specialized equipment to maintain a consistent pace. Concentric contractions refer specifically to the phase of lifting in which the muscle actively shortens while contracting. Therefore, isometric stands out because it specifically applies to situations where force is exerted without any resulting movement.